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Why is Pesach in the singular?
Simply put, why is Pesach in the singular while Shavu'ot and Sukkot are in the plural?
Shavu'ot makes sense to me because the day celebrates the culmination of weekS. But I only made 1 Sukkah so why is it in the plural? Maybe because the pasuk says "Basukkot teshvu...".
But what about Pesach? Each family makes a korban pesach (in the same way that each makes a sukkah) and the gemara often uses the word P'sachim. So why isn't the holiday spoken of in that plural? I know that in the chumash it is called by that singular (Chag Hapasach or hapesach) but when referred to in terms of matzah, it is in the plural, Chag Hamatzot.
Why is it in the singular in its title P-S-Ch?
2 answers
Shavuos is about the weeks. That's the easy one.
Sukkos is about more than one Sukkah. Not just that we need to build more than one to celebrate the holiday, but because Vayikra 23:43 refers to the Sukkos (plural) that the Jews lived in.
Pesach is singular because it refers not only to the sacrifice (which is single for a family/group but clearly plural for the whole nation) but to the One who did the action of Pasach - Passed Over the Jewish homes. See Shemos 12:27 as an example - I think there are more references, but this the obvious one. We are commanded to make a Pesach sacrifice (even though it is really many sacrifices because many people) to Hashem who passed over. Same three letters, with same root meaning, just different vowels. The Jews (plural) aren't passing over, they make a sacrifice to remember the One who passed over (singular).
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I don't have a source for this beyond what you already said about the text saying Chag HaPesach, but I offer this reasoning:
Shavu'ot is, as you said, about the weeks (plural). For Sukkot, while you probably have at most one (and could have zero, if you use someone else's), the festival is about the sukkot of all Yisrael.
So why is Pesach different? Each family group brought its own offering, but the actual exodus, the redemption from Egypt, was a singular event. We don't talk about our pesachim because we all had the same pesach, the same singular redemption. We have had other redemptions, but the festival is about this one. Chag HaPesach refers to the single event, while Chag HaMatzot refers to the multiple matzot and Chag HaSukkot refers to Yisrael's many sukkot.
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