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What was the sin of Sh'lach L'cha?

*This is a short d'var I gave at a weekday minyan years ago.  I came across it while searching for something else and decided its message is still timely.*

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In Sh'lach L'cha we read about the spies who were sent to scout out the land before the conquest. They came back with a bad report and the people cried and complained, saying they could not go into the land. God responded by saying "ok, have it your way", and that generation died in the wilderness instead of getting the land that God had promised them. (It is for this and *not* for the golden calf that the generation was condemned.)

The rabbis generally agree that the people were punished for not having faith in God. Sure, taking the land might be hard, but with God on their side, was there anything they couldn't do? They should have accepted God's plan and not questioned it.

That explanation isn't wholly satisfactory to me. We are a people that wrestles with God. We don't hold with "shut up and do what you're told". Yes, we are expected to have faith in God, but we tend less toward blind faith and more toward "trust but verify". We are expected to use our God-given capacities for analysis and reason.

Ok, so what about the spies? We need to take a closer look at what happened. It is not as straightforward as I described earlier. Ten of the spies gave a bad report, and two dissented. That should have raised some questions. The spies came back with proof of the bounty of the land; the talmud tells us that it took eight men to carry a cluster of grapes and that one man was fully loaded carrying one pomegranate. This should have led the people to see value in attempting the difficult task.

But in the face of this bounty and the contradictory reports, the text does not show the people questioning the spies, asking for more details or for each side in the dispute to support its case. I couldn't find any commentary showing that, either. The people follow the majority without seeming to consider the minority.

It seems to me that we are often more ready to accept a negative report or prediction than a positive one, especially if it's about another person or nation. We are often skeptical about promises but all too ready to accept nay-saying as truth. Being a pessimist is easier than being an optimist.

So let me offer another interpretation of the people's punishment. Perhaps they were not punished for *failing* to simply follow, but rather for *doing so*. Perhaps, instead of just accepting what they'd been told, they should have questioned and wrestled, coming up with a different result.

We should evaluate what we hear. It's not a sign of distrust to want more evidence or support. Rather, when we are diligent in evaluating what we are told, we become stronger -- more likely to reject what is not true and more likely to fully get behind what is true. May God grant us the continued ability to seek, analyze, and reason.