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[_Shulchan Aruch_, _Yore Dea_ 324:11](//www.sefaria.org.il/Shulchan_Arukh%2C_Yoreh_De'ah.324.11), discusses what to do if the starter is _tevel_ (has not had _chala_ taken) and the dough is not (viz, it has had _chala_ taken) or vice versa. So clearly _chala_ must be taken from the starter if it's made of enough flour. If the starter has not had _chala_ taken though it should have had, presumably [but contact your rabbi instead of relying on me] you can simply take the appropriate amount from the completed dough if it is, in toto, of the requisite amount of flour.
(That said, there's also a requirement to take _chala_: it's a _mitzva_, not **only** something that, if not done, bars you from eating the dough. So leaving your starter around without _chala_ having been taken **may** be problematic. But that's not what you asked.)
If the starter itself does not have the requisite amount of flour, then I don't know. I'd **guess** that it still combines with the other dough and you take _chala_ on the whole; on the other hand, **maybe** it's considered an example of "starter that doesn't require _chala_ taken, added to a dough that does" (the classic example is where the starter is a non-Jew's): the _Rama_ there says not to use such a starter because you're mixing _chala_-required and not-_chala_-required doughs.

[_Shulchan Aruch_, _Yore Dea_ 324:11](//www.sefaria.org.il/Shulchan_Arukh%2C_Yoreh_De'ah.324.11), discusses what to do if the starter is _tevel_ (has not had _chala_ taken) and the dough is not (viz, it has had _chala_ taken) or vice versa. So clearly _chala_ must be taken from the starter and the rest of the dough and, if the starter had not had _chala_ taken, presumably [but contact your rabbi instead of relying on me] you can simply take the appropriate amount from the completed dough if it is, in total, of the requisite amount of flour.
(That said, there's also a requirement to take _chala_: it's a _mitzva_, not **only** something that, if not done, bars you from eating the dough. So leaving your starter around without _chala_ having been taken **may** be problematic. But that's not what you asked.)

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